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Observation: Snowbird periphery

Observation Date
2/19/2017
Observer Name
B
Region
Salt Lake » Little Cottonwood Canyon » Snowbird periphery
Location Name or Route
Snowbird Periphery
Weather
Sky
Obscured
Precipitation
Heavy Snowfall
Wind Direction
West
Wind Speed
Strong
Weather Comments
West to Southwest winds were Strong at the highest ridgelines, and Light to Moderate at lower elevations. Snow fall rates were sustained at S3 rates for the morning hours and into the early afternoon. Temperatures were mild and into the mid 30's at 8500. Rain/snow line was 7000 feet.
Snow Characteristics
New Snow Depth
18"
New Snow Density
Medium
Snow Surface Conditions
Powder
Wind Crust
Damp
Snow Characteristics Comments

Good riding in dense/thick powder above 9000 feet, especially on aspects on the upper half of the compass. Due to the inverted nature of the snowpack combined with the Saturdays heavy/wet afternoon snows, the riding felt like it was almost greenhousing around noon. The latent heat trapped in the snowpack from this warm Saturday snow was being trapped by the new overnight and daytime snow. This did not help the inversion in the snow and appeared to give it this "greenhouse" feel. At and below 8500 feet the snowpack is saturated in the top 10 inches. New snow above 9000 feet since 0800 accumulated to at least 8 inches or more during the day; and the storm totals are now at least 18 inches. Water content is at least 1.75 inches. Extensive wind damage was observed above 10,300 on many aspects.

Red Flags
Red Flags
Recent Avalanches
Heavy Snowfall
Wind Loading
Cracking
Rapid Warming
Poor Snowpack Structure
Red Flags Comments
Poor snowpack structure may be found at two different heights in the upper layers. The old interfaces, above the rain and m/f crusts from last week, continue to provide a good bed surface; and many reports (and snow pit tests I performed) indicate facets above and below these crusts in many locations. The poor snowpack structure that was the primary reactive layer on Sunday had to do with a weakness within the new snow due to an inversion that was easy to trigger at 6 to 8 inches down. Slope cuts and hand shears were able to detect and initiate soft slab releases that were propagating; and reports of propagation of up to 200 feet wide were oberserved. Along with this, cracking and subsequent avalanching was widespread on slopes with angles > 35 degrees. Todays travel was confined mainly to mostly protected areas between 9500 and 10100, and in these areas the winds were not an issue. Yet, above 10,400 feet the winds were actively top loading and crossloading many slopes on the upper half of the compass.
Avalanche Problem #1
Problem
New Snow
Trend
Decreasing Danger
Problem #1 Comments

Slope cuts, the inverted nature of the snowpack, hand shears and easy to trigger soft slabs contributed to make this the number one problem of the day. With the forecast for the overnight lows on Sunday night into Monday pegged to hit the lower 20's these sensitivities within the new snow may settle out significantly by Monday morning.

Avalanche Problem #2
Problem
Wind Drifted Snow
Trend
Same
Problem #2 Comments

With the Strong winds that were observed and recorded at the upper elevations, natural wind slab avalanches were very likely today on steep aspects on the upper half of the compass. This problem obviously increased today with the winds and new snow. These may still be suspect on Monday, especially when considering the widespread facets that were reported at the old snow/new snow interface just prior to this event. This most recent prestorm/facet/surface layer, along with the previously cited facet layer associated with the rain and m/f crusts, may continue to provide multiple complicated interfaces out there under these potential wind slabs.

Danger for Sunday appeared to be hitting Considerable in the upper elevation areas that were receiving the strong winds and intense loading. Mid slope terrain features may be most suspect due to the high wind speeds. In other areas the Danger was a widespread Moderate with Storm Snow Slab avalanches reactive on many steep slopes with angles > 35 degrees. For Monday, if the winds die down and the snow abates as forecast, the Danger should be Moderate with all the above cited problems. And with the continued significant warming slated to occur with highs in the upper 30's at 9000 feet, Wet Loose avalanches will be another thing to consider. Plus, if the sun comes out for any period, there may be a cycle of natural Wet Loose activity in the new snow. If this occurs, Considerable is a better Danger rating.

Finally, if we continue to see the facet layer that has been associated with the rain and m/f crusts be a player in any avalanches, it may be wise to include Persistent Slab back into the current avalanche problems list.

Today's Observed Danger Rating
Considerable
Tomorrows Estimated Danger Rating
Considerable