Observation: Big Cottonwood Canyon

Observation Date
12/24/2014
Observer Name
Kobernik/Kendall
Region
Salt Lake » Big Cottonwood Canyon
Location Name or Route
South Monitor, Willow Fork, Bear Trap, Mill D to Spruces
Weather
Sky
Few
Wind Direction
Southwest
Wind Speed
Light
Weather Comments
Increasing clouds and a slight bump in wind along the ridges in the afternoon. Late afternoon we noted plumes coming off the upper Mill B/Broads Fork ridges. Few flakes started falling at the very end of the day.
Snow Characteristics
Snow Surface Conditions
Dense Loose
Wind Crust
Rain-Rime Crust
Damp
Snow Characteristics Comments

Steep southeast and south aspects became damp in the morning. Increasing clouds put an end to the heating mid day. Lower angle south are still holding dry snow. Dense snow was the rule for the most part. Quite user friendly with occasional areas of wind crust or blown down to a rime crust on the windward aspects. The north side of Big Cottonwood only received around 6 to 10 inches of snow from the last storm. It is obviously deeper in the wind drifted locations.

Red Flags
Red Flags
Collapsing
Poor Snowpack Structure
Red Flags Comments
We experienced one significant collapse between south and west Monitors. Shallow locations still hold quite weak facets near the ground. I would punch my boot through to the ground in these areas if I took my skis off.
Comments

Knowing there are previous weak layers and the fact that we just added significant water weight coupled with wind, there was no choice but to let things settle a bit before getting onto steep slopes. Our plan was to go out and cover as much terrain as possible paying close attention to what the old weak snow is like now. We started by skiing a bed surface of a natural avalanche that ran in South Monitor during the storm. This slope was steep but we had no concerns since it had already slid. We were able determine that the avalanche failed above a crust which is just above the early December facets.

We then viewed a natural avalanche, actually two, in West Monitor. The northeast facing pocket failed in a shallow snowpack location (repeater). The east and southeast pockets broke above the early December facets just like South Monitor did.

We then went and looked at the very wide human triggered avalanche in West Willow. I thought for sure this would've failed in the old facets but to my surprise, it failed above the early December facets and crust above that. There was about a foot of snow left on the bed surface with the crust easily identified.

We traveled through Bear Trap and into Mill D North where we viewed a couple of natural avalanches that ran during the storm on the West Desolation ridgeline. We did not get onto these avalanches but the shallow nature of the crowns leads me to think that these also failed above the early December facets/crust combo.

I got an ECT test to propagate at 22 in this layer as well. It was stubborn but clean. I looked carefully to see what the weak layer was. I could only identify broken particles within last week's lower density snow as the weak layer.

My take home from today was I was surprised that the early December facets were not more reactive and that the majority of the avalanches I looked at failed in last week's lower density snow rather than the early December facets. The other thing noteworthy is that the shallow locations continue to hold very weak snow near the ground.

Today's Observed Danger Rating
Considerable
Tomorrows Estimated Danger Rating
Considerable