Avalanche Advisory
Advisory: Salt Lake Area Mountains Issued by Drew Hardesty for Sunday - January 29, 2017 - 5:48am
bottom line

A CONSIDERABLE* danger exists for triggering a 2-4' deep avalanche in the mid to low elevations on many aspects. A MODERATE danger exists for lingering wind drifts along the upper elevations. Last, but not least, the danger for wet avalanches on the steep sunlit slopes will rise to MODERATE with daytime warming. Most of our accidents and fatalities occur under these conditions.

*Careful snowpack evaluation, cautious route-finding and conservative decision-making essential.




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current conditions

Skies are clear. Mountain temperatures are in the mid to upper 20s. Winds remain out of the north, blowing 15-20mph with gusts to 25. Sun and wind damage exists on the sunny aspects and in the open, exposed terrain, but you'll still find soft settled powder in the mid and low elevation sheltered glades.


Required Reading: Week in Review by Greg Gagne

Wow. A prolonged period of storms began late in the day on Friday Jan 20th, with an overachieving storm on Saturday the 21st with numerous human-triggered as well as natural avalanches occurring over the weekend. (Mark Staples described the activity of the weekend of Jan 21/22.)

Strong winds and heavy snowfall led to an avalanche warning issued by the UAC on Monday and Tuesday January 23/24 for the mountains of northern Utah. Little Cottonwood Canyon was closed beginning on Monday morning due to dangerous avalanche activity, and did not re-open until later Tuesday morning. Results from highway control work on several mountain roads in northern Utah produced large avalanches, with many hitting the road. A couple of Wasatch veterans reminded me that this is how "it used to be."

Throughout this extended period numerous natural and human triggered avalanches were reported on a variety of aspects and elevations, with several avalanches occurring at low elevations (< 9000'). Weaknesses included wind drifts, density changes within storm snow events, and persistent weak layers that formed during the spell of clear and cold weather from Jan 13 - 18, including both near-surface facets and surface hoar. Your pre-trip preparations should include reading field observations as well as recent avalanche activity from this past week. Bottom line - it was snowing and blowing for over a week, with storm snow falling on top of a weak, pre-existing snow surface at the mid and lower elevations, and it has led to a variable and complex snowpack.

Approximate storm and water totals since Jan 20 include:

LCC/BCC 80" 5.7"
Park City 44" 3.5"
Ogden 50" 2.5" - 3.5"
Provo 24" 2"

recent activity

Saturday's activity dropped off significantly from Friday; still, a skier unintentionally triggered a 2' deep and 15' wide wind pocket low in the Toledo Chute in upper Little Cottonwood. Toledo Chute had numerous tracks on Friday but overnight winds clearly were enough to cross-load the steep couloir. Observers still encountered collapsing yesterday in mid-elevation southerly aspects of Big Cottonwood Canyon.

From Friday:

  • Skiers triggered 6 separate persistent slabs 2-4' deep and generally 100' wide on north to east-southeast facing slopes yesterday. Elevations ranged from 7600'-9400'. This makes at least eight since Tuesday. All of these slides ran on either facets above a melt-freeze crust or surface hoar buried last Thursday January 19th under 50-90" of settling storm snow. Many of these slide were triggered remotely (at a distance) and caught and carried two skiers in separate events. The full list can be found here.

Evelyn created a map depicting locations for these recent human triggered persistent slabs. Note these have been on many aspects below 9500' and predominantly along the northern periphery of the Cottonwoods (Park City ridgeline, Summit Park, Mount Aire). Note that a couple of the wind slabs are included on the activity rose on the right - these account for the upper elevation slides.

Avalanche Problem 1
type aspect/elevation characteristics
LIKELIHOOD
LIKELY
UNLIKELY
SIZE
LARGE
SMALL
TREND
INCREASING DANGER
SAME
DECREASING DANGER
over the next 24 hours
description

Evidence based information: six unintentional, unmanageable human triggered persistent slabs 2-4' deep and up to 800' wide reported on Friday. Many of these were triggered at a distance, fracturing out above the skier, or just adjacent to other tracks on the slope. The weakest and most suspect terrain is at the mid and low elevations on many aspects, but predominantly - but not all - on north to southeast facing slopes. For the central Wasatch, most of the activity seems to be between Big Cottonwood Canyon and Parley's Canyon.

Yesterday, Greg Gagne took an avalanche class (see full report) into the Willows drainage of Big Cottonwood Canyon and chose to remain on low angle slopes for the following reasons:

  • Recent avalanches on this layer
  • Three loud collapses
  • Stability tests indicating the persistent weak layer remains sensitive

These remain dangerous, unmanageable avalanches. Click the 'i' next to the Persistent Slab icon for travel advice and more information on these types of avalanches. These are called Persistent Slabs for a reason: I do not take yesterday's lack of activity as a sign of confidence...nor should you.

You have three choices: roll the dice, do the homework, or stay on gentler slopes with nothing steep above you.

  • You roll the dice - you may get lucky, you may not. Remember these stakes are more than just money..and over time, the house always wins.
  • Do the homework - pull out your shovel and look for the buried weaknesses to see if they're present and active. Extended column tests are useful. Then add a healthy dose of skepticism due to spatial variability.
  • Terrain is your friend - plenty of good skiing and riding on low angle slopes out there. A quick note: one of the problems here is that the suspect terrain appears benign: gladed, lower slope angles than usual, and may have tracks on or near the slope. This is what makes this type of avalanche so insidious.
Avalanche Problem 2
type aspect/elevation characteristics
LIKELIHOOD
LIKELY
UNLIKELY
SIZE
LARGE
SMALL
TREND
INCREASING DANGER
SAME
DECREASING DANGER
over the next 24 hours
description

See yesterday's Toledo Chute skier triggered wind slab below. For today, these wind drifts will be less sensitive though still warrant a mention for those traveling in steep, open terrain. Direct sun and rapid warming may heighten the sensitivity of some of these lingering wind slabs in steep sunlit terrain.

Avalanche Problem 3
type aspect/elevation characteristics
LIKELIHOOD
LIKELY
UNLIKELY
SIZE
LARGE
SMALL
TREND
INCREASING DANGER
SAME
DECREASING DANGER
over the next 12 hours
description

Cold, dry snow under the heat lamp and with mountain temps rising into the mid 30s at 8500' will conspire to dampen the snow surfaces on the steep sunlit slopes. With prolonged dampening, both natural and especially human triggered wet avalanches will be likely with daytime warming. Please choose terrain to avoid the steep sun-drenched slopes by midday - particularly those above roads and infrastructure. The danger may rise toward Considerable with extended warming....

weather

Clear skies, moderate though gusty northerly winds, and temps rising to near freezing at 8500' today. High pressure builds throughout the region over the next few days. Storms passing by to the north of us will attempt to flatten the ridge, but we'll only see clouds and increased west to northwest winds through mid-week. Longer range models offer some hope for something next weekend.

general announcements

Remember your information can save lives. If you see anything we should know about, please help us out by submitting snow and avalanche conditions. You can also call us at 801-524-5304, email by clicking HERE, or include #utavy in your tweet or Instagram.

To get help in an emergency (to request a rescue) in the Wasatch, call 911. Be prepared to give your GPS coordinates or the run name. Dispatchers have a copy of the Wasatch Backcountry Ski map.

Backcountry Emergencies. It outlines your step-by-step method in the event of a winter backcountry incident.

If you trigger an avalanche in the backcountry, but no one is hurt and you do not need assistance, please notify the nearest ski area dispatch to avoid a needless response by rescue teams. Thanks.

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DAWN PATROL Hotline updated daily by 5-530am - 888-999-4019 option 8.

TWITTER Updates for your mobile phone - DETAILS

UDOT canyon closures: LINK TO UDOT, or on Twitter, follow @UDOTavy, @CanyonAlerts or @AltaCentral

Utah Avalanche Center mobile app - Get your advisory on your iPhone along with great navigation and rescue tools.

Powderbird Helicopter Skiing - Blog/itinerary for the day

Lost or Found something in the backcountry? - http://nolofo.com/

Ski Utah mobile snow updates

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This information does not apply to developed ski areas or highways where avalanche control is normally done. This advisory is from the U.S.D.A. Forest Service, which is solely responsible for its content. This advisory describes general avalanche conditions and local variations always exist.